Global Power Shifts and Major Conflicts in 2025 Reviewed

The year 2025 was a period of profound global change, marked by the resurgence of major conflicts, intensifying geopolitical rivalries, and significant economic realignments that redefined international standing. Key events continued to shape global relations and economic strategies, including persistent wars, diplomatic standoffs, and significant trade disputes. Donald Trump’s return to the US presidency in January 2025 set a new course for American global engagement. A critical flashpoint emerged between India and Pakistan following a devastating terror attack in Jammu and Kashmir, prompting a strong military response from India targeting terror infrastructure in Pakistani territories. The ongoing Russia-Ukraine war remained a dominant global security and economic challenge, impacting energy markets and NATO-Russia relations, with diplomatic resolutions proving elusive. The Middle East faced heightened tensions between Iran and Israel, culminating in a direct confrontation involving strikes on nuclear facilities, with the US playing a mediating role. US-China relations were strained by escalating trade disputes and tariff impositions, creating ripple effects across global supply chains. South Asia experienced widespread public discontent manifested in significant protests across several countries: Bangladesh grappled with unrest after a shooting, India addressed incidents of mob violence, Pakistan saw demonstrations regarding Imran Khan’s well-being, and Nepal witnessed mass protests leading to a government crisis. As 2025 concludes, the global landscape is characterized by persistent conflicts, adaptive economic policies, and shifting geopolitical partnerships.