In a significant move for wildlife conservation, the second nationwide dolphin census has commenced across India, starting from Bijnor in Uttar Pradesh. This synchronized counting effort aims to assess the population and health of the endangered Ganges River dolphins, often called the ‘smile of the river’ for their distinctive features.
The initiative, led by the Wildlife Institute of India (WII) in collaboration with state forest departments, involves teams of experts, researchers, and local volunteers. They will traverse key river stretches of the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and their tributaries over the next few weeks. Bijnor, located along the Ganga, was chosen as the launch point due to its rich dolphin habitat.
Dolphins play a crucial ecological role as indicator species, signaling the overall health of aquatic ecosystems. Pollution, dams, and illegal fishing have threatened their survival, making accurate population data vital for targeted conservation strategies. Last year’s census revealed a modest increase in numbers, offering hope amid challenges.
Experts emphasize the use of advanced techniques this round, including hydrophones for acoustic monitoring and drone surveys for hard-to-reach areas. ‘This census will provide baseline data for the National Dolphin Conservation Action Plan,’ stated a senior WII official.
Local communities are actively involved, trained to spot and report dolphin sightings. Awareness campaigns highlight the dolphins’ cultural significance in Indian folklore and the need to protect them from human-induced threats.
As counting progresses, real-time updates will track progress across states. Conservationists urge stricter enforcement of anti-poaching laws and river cleanup drives to ensure these gentle giants thrive. The results, expected by year-end, could shape future policies for riverine biodiversity.